What does "al dente" refer to in cooking pasta?

"Al dente" is an Italian term that translates to "to the tooth," indicating the desired texture of pasta when it is properly cooked. This term refers to pasta that is firm to the bite, meaning it is cooked just enough to maintain a slight resistance when bitten into, rather than being soft, mushy, or overcooked. This texture is crucial because it allows for a more enjoyable eating experience and ensures that the pasta holds up well in the dish, especially when combined with sauces. When pasta is cooked to this perfect level, it not only enhances the flavor and overall dish but also retains its nutritional value better than overcooked pasta.